state province algeria

Unions have the right to form and join federations or confederations, and the government recognized four confederations. According to statistics provided in September, the Ministry of Justices General Directorate for Prison Administration and Resettlement (DGAPR) had responsibility for approximately 63,000 prisoners. The army began a crackdown on the FIS that spurred FIS supporters to begin attacking government targets. Opposition parties from across the political spectrum criticized the new law for creating a more complex process for qualifying for the ballot, as well as for establishing an electoral monitoring body whose members would be appointed by the president and parliament, which is controlled by a coalition headed by the presidents party. The Ministry of Interior reported in March to a Senate session that approximately 500 illegal migrants try to enter the country daily along the countrys southern borders. The government may restrict strikes on a number of grounds, including economic crisis, obstruction of public services, or the possibility of subversive actions. Media reporting and public opinion viewed the absence of charges against the most senior of government officials as an indication of impunity for government officials. The Ministry of Labor conducted inspections and in some cases investigated companies suspected of hiring underage workers. Algeria is the United States' 3rd-largest market in the Middle East/North African region. The Tellian and Saharan Atlas Mountain ranges cross the country from east to west, dividing it into three zones. wilaya). )spirits: 0.08 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Those determined by UNHCR to have valid refugee claims were primarily from the DRC, Cote dIvoire, Iraq, and the Central African Republic. The government provided disability benefits to persons with disabilities who registered. NGOs reported that the government did not enforce payment of fines for failing to abide by the law. In May 2017 Fekhar was sentenced to five years imprisonment but in July 2017 a court in Medea reduced that sentence to two years. Censorship or Content Restrictions: Some major news outlets faced direct and indirect retaliation for criticism of the government. phonetics. The UN LOCODE page for Algeria lists locations in the country, some of them with their latitudes and longitudes, some with their ISO 3166-2 codes for their subdivisions. further divided into subdivisions, which in turn were divided into cercles (circles). WebThe province of Blida is located in the north of Algeria. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. The testimony of men and women has equal weight under the law. According to UNHCRs March report on Sahrawi refugees in Tindouf, the government protected a significant number of refugees in five camps in Tindouf and a smaller urban refugee population, primarily in Algiers. )proven reserves: 4,503,900,000,000 cubic meters (2021 est. If workers face such conditions, they may renegotiate their contract or, failing that, resort to the courts. Aumale (department no. As time went by, the More than 100,000 Sahrawis are estimated to be living in five refugee camps in southwestern Algeria near Tindouf. International organizations reported some children had trouble in their attempts to integrate into the educational system but that migrants access to education was improving, particularly in the north of the country. The report noted the refugee population included Syrians, (an estimated 85 percent), Yemenis, Congolese, Ivoirians, Palestinians, Malians, Central Africans, and other nationalities. The law prohibits parties based on religion, ethnicity, gender, language, or region, but there were various political parties commonly known to be Islamist, notably members of the Green Alliance. The law prohibits all forms of forced or compulsory labor. A person released from custody following a dismissal or acquittal may apply to a civil commission to seek compensation from the government for particular and particularly severe harm caused by pretrial detention. Corruption: The criminal code stipulates that only the board of directors of the institution concerned may initiate charges related to theft, embezzlement, or loss of public and private funds against senior, public sector economic managers. Critics of the law asserted that by permitting only senior officials of state businesses to initiate investigations, the law protects high-level government corruption and promotes impunity. In addition, some religious elements advocated restrictions on womens behavior, including freedom of movement. Press reported 107 protestors were injured along with 51 police and gendarmes. Security services prevented the meeting from taking place in the absence of an official authorization. The attendees moved their meetings elsewhere and were followed by police who ordered them to disperse. Arrested individuals reported that authorities held them for four to eight hours before releasing them without charges. They were parts of the Tunisian and Moroccan borders are still in dispute. Note: total area has changed since See more Algiers Algiers ( al-Jazer, , Alger) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. 1960-12-03: Six new arrondissements created in Oasis department; two new arrondissements created in Saoura department. 1958-03-17: Sada department created by taking parts of Oran, Saoura, and Tiaret departments. 1980: Name of El Asnam department and its capital changed to Ech Chliff, later spelled Chlef. The law requires all civil associations to apply for operating permission, and at years end several major civil associations remained unrecognized but tolerated. According to the NGO Reporters without Borders, private advertising existed but frequently came from businesses with close links to the ruling political party. Coordinator for the Arctic Region, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources, Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, Office of International Religious Freedom, Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Antisemitism, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Science and Technology Adviser, Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services, Bureau of Information Resource Management, Office of Management Strategy and Solutions, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, U.S. The law requires parties to ensure that at least 30 percent of the candidates on their electoral lists are women. Authorities normally awarded custody of children to the mother, but she may not make decisions about education or take the children out of the country without the fathers authorization. The DGAPR has no legal protections for LGBTI persons in prison arguing that civil protections extend to all people regardless of gender orientation. York, 1991. Early and Forced Marriage: The legal minimum age of marriage is 19 for both men and women, but minors may marry with parental consent, regardless of gender. Membership in the Islamic Salvation Front, a political party banned since 1992, remained illegal. 1831-12-01: By ordinance, Algeria was divided into civil and military territory. The United States recognized Algeria on July 3, 1962, when President John Kennedy issued a congratulatory message to the Algerian people upon their independence from France. Algeria had opted for independence in a referendum on July 1, 1962 , and France recognized Algeria as an independent state on July 3, 1962. Consular Presence Algeria is a multiparty republic whose president, the head of state, is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. The repatriations were conducted in coordination with consular officials from the countries of origin of the migrants, but the migrants were not permitted to challenge their removal. During the year, the CNDH organized seminars and workshops on topics such as penitentiary reform and trafficking in persons. The law prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities, although the government did not always effectively enforce these provisions. Representatives of the National Autonomous Union for Public Administration Personnel (SNAPAP) stated that the union continued to function without official status. Update 15 to the GEC, the successor to the FIPS standard, is dated 2014-03-31. He was charged with sharing intelligence with a foreign power.. During much These groups targeted security services personnel in periodic but small-scale attacks. The government did not grant UNHCR access to these reception centers but reported that by 2016 most Syrians no longer used the centers. The government acknowledged that some detention facilities were overcrowded but said it used alternatives to incarceration such as releasing prisoners with electronic bracelets, conditional release, and replacing prison terms with mandatory community service to reduce overcrowding. )refined petroleum consumption: 450,500 bbl/day (2019 est. The committee brought together various government and civil society actors to discuss implementation of the national strategy to combat HIV/AIDS. Detainees Ability to Challenge Lawfulness of Detention before a Court: The Code of Criminal Procedure grants the right to appeal a courts order of pretrial detention. Foreign Travel: The constitution states that the right to enter and exit the country is provided to citizens. One of the smaller areas of land can be called a state or a province. The law does not adequately cover migrant workers employed primarily in construction and as domestic workers. Participation of Women and Minorities: No laws limit the participation of women and members of minorities in the political process, and women and minorities did participate. Advocacy groups reported that children with disabilities rarely attended school past the secondary level. The Ministry authorized the import of only 350 copies ofJeune Afriquefor delivery to various institutions. Office of the U.S. equivalence between arrondissements and subdivisions. There were no reports that the government granted refugee status and asylum to new refugee applicants during the year. )note: data cover central government debt as well as debt issued by subnational entities and intra-governmental debt, -$4.608 billion (2021 est. )municipal solid waste recycled annually: 990,299 tons (2013 est. translate the Arabic "baladiyah," but they're essentially the same thing.). The countrys Jewish population numbered fewer than 200 persons. According to the Ministry of Interior, in September there were 70 registered political parties. )agricultural: 6.671 billion cubic meters (2017 est. The population of the province, which has an area of 1,102 square kilometers, is 1,002,937 according to 2008 data. Intelligence services arrested journalist Said Chitour in June 2017 and accused him of sharing intelligence with a foreign power. 1848-12-09: By French presidential decree, the civil territory in each province was elevated to a department of Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 633,500 bbl/day (2018 est. The appeal must be filed within three days of the order. LGBTI activists reported that the vague wording of laws criminalizing homosexual acts and acts against nature permitted sweeping accusations that resulted in multiple arrests for consensual same-sex sexual relations, but no known prosecutions during the year. By law workers may strike only after 14 days of mandatory conciliation or mediation. The law prohibits discrimination with respect to employment, salary, and work environment based on age, gender, social and marital status, family links, political conviction, disability, national origin and affiliation with a union. Generally speaking, the civil ), household consumption: 42.7% (2017 est. The provinces are subdivided into 160 dayrat (sub-prefectures), and further into 1,541 municipalities. The conclusions of the 2017 ILOs Committee on the Application of Standards recommended that the government accept an ILO direct contacts mission. Algiers has increased protectionist measures since 2015 to limit its import bill and encourage domestic production of non-oil and gas industries. Few businesses abided by the law requiring that they reserve 1 percent of jobs for persons with disabilities. The government devoted increasing resources and attention to it. Amnesty International alleged that authorities sometimes detained individuals on security-related charges for longer than the 12-day prescribed period. Defamation laws specify that former members of the military who make statements deemed to have damaged the image of the military or to have harmed the honor and respect due to state institutions may face prosecution. Foreign observers characterized the elections as largely peaceful but pointed to low voter turnout and a high rate of ballot invalidity. [7] "Population rsidente par age, par sexe et par wilaya", pdf file downloaded from. ), municipal: 3.6 billion cubic meters (2017 est. The law provides for the right to strike, and workers exercised this right, subject to conditions. If authorities need more than 48 hours to gather additional evidence, they may extend a suspects authorized time in police detention with the prosecutors authorization in the following cases: if charges pertain to an attack on data processing systems, they may extend the time in detention once; if charges relate to state security, they may do so twice; for charges concerning drug trafficking, organized and transnational crime, money laundering, and other currency-related crimes, they may do so three times; and for charges related to terrorism and other subversive activities, they may do so five times for a maximum of 12 days. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est. Religious texts distributed without authorization may be seized and destroyed. During the year a womens advocacy group, Wassila Network, received 200 cases of domestic violence. The person must submit an application for compensation within six months of the dismissal or acquittal. Many place names were changed. )industrial: 191 million cubic meters (2017 est. Algeria is divided into 48 wilayat (provinces; sing. Algeria Telephone + (213) 770-08-2000 Emergency + (213) 770-08-2200 Fax 0770-08-2299 Email ACSAlgiers@state.gov Website U.S. Embassy Algiers Algeria Map During the year, the government deported migrants to Mali. At the same time, legal foreign workers principally from China and Egypt came to work in Algeria's construction and oil sectors. The constitution provides workers with the right to join and form unions of their choice, provided they are citizens. The law prohibits discrimination by employers against union members and organizers and provides mechanisms for resolving trade union complaints of antiunion practices by employers. )110.973 (2017 est. A tripartite social pact among business, government, and the official union established the national minimum wage of DZD 18,000 ($153) per month in 2012. These observers, among others, pointed to the law as a significant source of arbitrary arrests intended to suppress political activism. [4] The American Oxford Atlas. In 2002-02, a constitutional amendment recognized Tamazigh (the written language of the largest Berber group) Monitoring and enforcement practices for child labor were inconsistent and hampered by an insufficient number of inspectors to examine the formal and informal economy. 1983-12-15: Thirty-one departments re-organized to form 48 provinces (as shown in the first table). Some media figures alleged the government used its control over most printing houses and large amounts of public sector advertising preferentially, and that the lack of clear regulations over these practices permitted it to exert undue influence on press outlets. )126.777 (2020 est. The clause stipulates that if the victim forgives his or her aggressor, any legal action ceases. Arabic: al-Jumhuriya al-Jazairiya ad-Dimuqratiya ash-Shabiya (formal), Dutch: Algerije, Democratische Volksrepubliek Algerije (formal), English: Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria (formal), Norwegian: Den demokratiske folkerepublikk Algerie (formal) (Bokml), Den demokratiske folkerepublikken Algerie (formal) (Nynorsk), Algerie, Russian: , (formal), Turkish: Cezayir Demokratik Halk Cumhuriyeti (formal), Bchar: after Wadi Bashshar, possibly from Arabic, Bjaa: ethnic name, possibly from Arabic, Constantine: rebuilt in 311 by Roman emperor Constantine the Great, El Oued: = the Wadi (intermittent stream), Stif: ancient Sitifi, possibly from Berber. WebDeputy Secretaries of State. The province and its total petroleum system coincide with the Illizi Basin. [1] Quid 1993, ditions Robert Laffont, Paris, 1992. 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